Authenticated Quantum Dialogue Without Information Leakage

A lot of authenticated quantum dialogue protocols are springing up. Many of them have the problem of information leakage, or suffer from Man-In-TheMiddle attack. Some protocols can guarantee security, but have relatively low efficiency. Based on the above situation, we present a novel authenticated quantum dialogue protocol by using Bell states and entanglement swapping. In this protocol, we adopt Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs to detect eavesdropping and transmit secret messages. We employ polarized photons to achieve authentication of users' identity information. Compared with other quantum dialogue schemes with authentication, our protocol has several advantages. The transmitted particles are passed once and do not carry any secret messages. The proposed protocol can overcome the drawback of information leakage and resist against typical attacks. The efficiency is acceptable.